Auriculin refers to a peptide hormone that is produced by the heart and belongs to the natriuretic peptide family. It is primarily secreted by the atria, which are the upper chambers of the heart, and acts as an endogenous vasodilator.
The name "auriculin" is derived from the Latin word "auricula," meaning "auricle" or "atrium," reflecting its site of production. It is synthesized by the cardiac atrial myocytes, or cells, in response to increased stretching or pressure within the heart. The secretion of auriculin is mainly stimulated by factors such as increased blood volume and pressure, which often occur in conditions like congestive heart failure or hypertension.
Once released into the bloodstream, auriculin acts on its target organs, primarily the kidneys, to promote vasodilation and increase sodium and water excretion. This helps in reducing blood volume and pressure, thereby maintaining fluid balance and preventing fluid overload. The overall effect of auriculin is to regulate blood pressure, reduce the workload on the heart, and maintain cardiovascular homeostasis.
From a clinical perspective, auriculin has been studied as a potential diagnostic marker for various cardiovascular conditions. Its levels can be measured in the blood, providing insights into cardiac function and the presence of heart-related disorders. Additionally, synthetic forms of auriculin, such as nesiritide, have been developed as therapeutic agents for heart failure management.
In summary, auriculin is a peptide hormone produced by the heart's atria, involved in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance.
