ASTHENOSPHERE Meaning and
Definition
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The asthenosphere is a scientific term derived from the Greek words "asthenēs," meaning weak, and "sphaira," meaning sphere. In geology, it refers to the highly plastic layer of the Earth's upper mantle, which lies beneath the lithosphere. This transitional zone extends to a depth of about 70 to 250 kilometers below the surface.
The asthenosphere is characterized by its semi-fluid and partially molten nature, allowing it to exhibit a uniquely low resistance to deformation. It consists of solid rock materials that are heated and pressured to the point where they have the ability to flow, similar to a viscous liquid over geological timescales. The intense heat, combined with the enormous pressure from the overlying lithosphere, causes rocks within the asthenosphere to lose their rigidity and become relatively ductile.
This region plays a crucial role in the process of plate tectonics. The low strength of the asthenosphere enables the Earth's crustal plates to move and interact with each other on the surface. As the rigid lithosphere floats on the semi-fluid layer beneath, it undergoes convective circulation, resulting in the movement of tectonic plates and the creation of various geological phenomena, including earthquakes, volcanic activity, and the formation of mountains.
In summary, the asthenosphere is a semi-fluid, ductile layer located beneath the Earth's lithosphere. It exhibits low resistance to deformation due to its high temperatures and pressures, enabling tectonic plate movement and geological activity.
Common Misspellings for ASTHENOSPHERE
Etymology of ASTHENOSPHERE
The word "asthenosphere" originated from the Greek language. It is derived from the combination of two Greek words: "a" meaning "without" or "lack of", and "sthenos" meaning "strength" or "force". Therefore, "asthenosphere" can be translated as "without strength" or "weakness". This term was coined in the early 20th century to describe the weak, plastic-like layer of the Earth's upper mantle, which lies beneath the lithosphere and is responsible for tectonic plate movement.
Similar spelling word for ASTHENOSPHERE
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